Reversible galvanic battery.



940. 584,295. Patented G61. 8, 1995.

' T. A. EBBSGM. v

BEVERSBBLE GALHANBG BAYI'ERY.

(Appliuation filed June 20, 1901.)

(No Model.)

Fitz? asses in Vfi m1" 'li-IOMAB 1%.. ElilGN, OF LLEWELLYN PARK, NEWJERSEY.

RE JEhSiBLi GALJANEC BATTERY.

SEEGZFIUATZON forming part of Letters Patent No. 684,205, dated October8, 1901.

Application filed June 20, 1901. Serial No 65,288. (No model.)

To aZZ LL-7mm it may concern.

Be it known that i, Trot-ans A. Enrsox, a citizen of the United States,residing at Llewellyn Park, in the county of Essex and State of NewJersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in ReversibleGalvanic Batteries, (Caseliio. 1,062,) of which the following is a.description.

My invention relates to improvements in reversible galvanic cells orsin-called storage batteries, and the invention relates particularly tobatteries of the type employing Zine as the active material in analkaline solution. in my application for Letters lzttnt filed October31, 1900, Serial No. 3 2,995, I describe a battery of this lype whereinis employed an electrode of metallic magnesium onto which the zinc isplated from the sol r tier. during the chnrgin nieration. I found thatby employing an electrode of this metal the resulting plating of zincvery dense and adherent, even with 21 large volume of current, and thatthe nccessi of employing mercury was completely done away with.

The Object of my present invention is to provide a reversible galvaniccell of the type indicated which shall be highly permanent and, ascompared with other cells of the some kind, of great capacity per unitof weight.

To this end the invention consists of oreversible 'alvanic coll om)lO"lllQ' in. alkaline yincate solution, or. elect" *do of llnZ-lfllllCmag nesium upon which the zinc isdeposited luring the ohargin; oper; madsecond electrode cnrryirn l lg nurturial an olcctroLYlic: vo ox i oi 1 i1' cobalt, pro-l" as lliliiG glllPllllQ. limit 8.5 desirable for use asnic hell no oler soluble in an hc olootrod J ofor some inn nmlcrini is rhreforab carefully I 2: 1e ine solution so as to ho at all cs in goodeleotr' tnci'mith such walls, said poclrr l vi in. l

tar-h s being mail o1 very thin niche sheet-stool high in carbon, so itsto he sufiiciently elastic tonccoinniodnte changes in bulk 05 the activematerial.

In order that my invention may be better understood, attention isdirected to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thh in all of theabove views corrcspondiig parts are represented by the some numerals ofreference. I

1 represents the magnesium supports in the form of thin plates hevirnnumerous perforations 2 therein and with the usual lugs at the top,bynicans of which the plates may be assembled and electrically connectedtogether. I find that byeniploying magnesium plates containing numerousperforations the zinc deposit is more adherent, while at the same timethe deposit is more evenly distributed over the ontiresnrface than ifthe plates are iniperfornte, in which lntter case a'vcry much greaterdeposit takesplace at the edges thereof than at other points. I

The electrodes for the depolarizing materizrl are made,preferably, as Idescribe and claim in in applicniion for Letters Patent lilod lllarch 5,19M, Serial No. 49,935, and as i show in Figs. and 3 of the drawings.lfinch formed of a plate l, made of shootsi ccl carefully nickel-platedand having 'rec- I tongular openings 5 therein. Each of these plates isprovided. with a lug or car 6, oppoe the bond uctinq-l ug on thealternate inagnesiuin plates 1. illlZO the openings 5 are soouredpockets or receptacles 7, formed of two parts, as shown, hold in placeand together by a crimping pressure zii'tor the active mm terial hasbeen introduced between the parts of'eech pocket. These pockets 0:receptacles are made, preferably, of very thin sheet-steel, high incon-hon, so as to be highlyelnsi-ic, and are carefully nickel-plated, soas to be unaffected by the solution. therein are formed, as I describein my appli- The perforations cation last referred to, by gicssing shjets beiwccn male and female (lie-rolls, by m of which the moral will bedisplaced ac 5 opening to form an inwardly-projecting bur which projectsinto ihc acilvc mct-crial to increase the conducting effpoiz. lroforablythe walls of thc pookcs or reoc -cclss are corrugated horizon tally, as1 Gas be my applicat-ion filed May 17,1501, Serial Tole. 60 661, so as;to stiifen the perforated walls and parmit thinner sheet meial tobccmgloye swan would be possible Without such corrugaiiocs;

Carried within ihc pockets orrcccpiaclcs i is a, cuitable depolarizingmaterial which is preferably mixer; with a, flake-lilac iocrficonducting material, such as fiche grcpizitc, in order to improve theconduct y of the ocli. This depolarizing material is cif lier a, hy-Grated oxid of nickel orof cobalt, preferably the former, for reasonscxplzzicczi. W nickel is used 1 preferably o'c ainjai o liycl mic innon-colloidal form {as Idcscribe in myoppiication filed May 9, 1901, Solzil No. 59,522} by adding to a boiling solution of niirais of nickel asufficient quantity of magnesium hydroxid to precipitate the whole ofGoo nickel being-than zhrowuinto water, in which it setwtlos almostimmediately. 3y decanting silo water and adding fresh water six or ciglitimes, and decanting after each addition cm laydroxicl is obtained yfree from. iin ouriilcs. Afterward. iizccxoosc oi Waicr is fills-ref offand the llydroxid is than cried. If G l the green hydroxid so Obbllilfid3y .9 fillLhGZ oxidized to the poroxid stoic, ii) reduce tenilcncy toincrease in built in use, by loge-Morin gas through a reccpiaclc filleda; h the dried hyd roxid, the action of 'shccizlori'c tho'llyd rate boing in oxidize ilzc miter proaluo ing hydrochloric acid, Whiah combines Wportion of tho hyd roxid acil forms chic-rm of nickel, which is washedout by percoiaiio'c and used again 20 gi"o frcslh hyfirc L9. Final thehydrated poroxid is dried ancl recur for use. The dried hydratedperoxifi or the dried 'greenhydroxid is then mixed with graphite orother flake-like incri; coi'zoiuct-ilcg material in the proportion ofsix parts of the peroxid or hydroxid to four parts of thc graphite. Themixture is then slightly incistoned with water or a solmion of potassiodroxid and spread out on a, glass plate and by means of a glass orporcelain roller prcsscd into a, thin sheet. By mezms of a spatula thesheet is detached from the glass and broken up and rolled again. i Thisoperation is repeated a number of times, until, the finely I dividedoxid covers nearly the whole surface of the raphite particles. Thc massis than moldou into blocks, which are rcceiveci octwecn the two sectionsof each pocket or re eptaole 7, after which tho assembled sections areinserted within the openings 5 of the plates 4 and by the application ofpressure secured in position therein.

If instead of a hyrlrctod OXlll of metal Biro way, Washirsg iliogrccipitcrc 20m 'i-Em nets of tho react-ion, Lering off the ha 31 old,and 1r L J61: of over: daio By the c-vprcsslcn i oxid 0:52, m oihcrtllcc irora as used by mo in a lotion capable of beingclcotrodcgmsificcl 121393 he magccsicm to consi ltuic hcozzidizaolc'cloctrcilo on Jiisclmrgc,

pizitc or oshor won part-s by zi'eigbt;

\I mean Lixc oxirl of nickel or of or a 7' support of mciailiomagnesium, a mom? in soi second olcctrodw p'ioyetl ac describe in myapplicci 1a Serial No. 49 1252, by first pro-1,. pit sis onoxld or blackizyilrzzicii nliosiirlof hi5 usual Tim raaoitsupport, and anelectrolytically-activeoxid of'a magnetic metal other than iron carriedby the latter sn pport, substantially as set forth.

2. In a reversible galvanic battery,the combination of an alkalinesolution, an electrodesupport of metallic magnesium, a metal in solutioncapable of being electrodeposited upon the magnesium to constitute theoxidizabie electrode on discharge, a second electrodesupport havingperforated pockets or recepta-' cles, and an electrolytically-activeoxid of a magnetic metal other than iron carried Within saidreceptacles, substantially as set forth. i .3. In a reversible galvanicbattery,the combination of an alkaline solution, an electrodesupport ofmetallic magnesium, a metal in soi-ution capable of beingelectrode'posited upon the magnesium to constitute the oxidizableelectrode on discharge, a second electrodesupport having perforatedpockets or receptacles and presenting nickeled surfaces, and anelectrolytically-active oxidof a magnetic metal other than iron carriedWithin said receptacles, substantially as set forth. 4. Inareversiblegalvanic-battery,thccombination of an alkaline solution, anelectrodesupport of metallic magnesium, a metal in solution capable ofbeing electrodeposited upon the magnesium to constitute the oxidizableelectrode on discharge, a second electrodesupport having perforatedpockets or receptacles, and a mixture of electrolytically-active oxid ofa magnetic metal other than iron and a flake-like, inert, conductingmater al carried within said pockets or receptacles, substantially asset forth.

5, In a reversible galvanic battery,the com-' bination of an alkalinesolution, an electrodesupport of metallic magnesium, a metal in solutioncapahlc of being electrcdeposited upon the magnesium to constitute theoxidizable electrode on discharge, a second electrodesupport havingperforated pockets or receptacles, and a mixture ofelectrolytically-active oxid of a magnetic metal other than iron andflake graphite carried within said pockets or receptacles, substantiallyas set forth.

6. In a reversible-galvanic battery, an alka:

line solution, a fiat nu nierously-perforated electrode-support ofmetallic magnesium, a metal in solution capable of beingelectrodeposited upon the magnesium to constitute the oxidizableelectrode on discharge, a second electrode-support, and anelectrolytically-active oxid of a magnetic metal other than iron carriedby the negative electrode-support, substantially as set forth.

7 In a reversible galvanic battery, an alkaline zinc-ate electrolyte, amagnesium support for receiving the deposit of zinc, a secondelectrode-support, and an electrolytically-active oxid of a magneticmetal other than iron carried by the latter support, substantir lly asset forth.

8. In a reversible galvanic battery,an alkaline zincate electrolyte, amagnesium support for receiving the deposit of zinc, a secondelectrode-support having perforated pockets or receptacles, and anelectrolytically active oxid of a magnetic metal other than iron car'-ried within said pockets or receptacles, substantially as set forth.

9. In a reversible galvanic battery, an alkaline zincate electrolyte, amagnesium support for receiving the deposit of zinc, an electrodesupporthaving perforated pockets or receptacles, and a mixture ofelectrolytically-active oxid of a magnetic metal other than iron and aflake-like, inert, conducting material carried within said pockets orreceptacles, substantially as set forth.

10. In a reversible galvanic battery, an alkaline zincate electrolyte, amagnesium support for receiving the deposit of zinc, a secondelectrode-support having perforated pockets or receptacles,-and amixture of electrolytically'active oxid of a magnetic metal other thaniron and flake graphite carried within said pockets or receptacles,substantially as set forth.

This specification signed aud'witnessed this 17th day of June, 1901.

THOMAS A. EDISON.

Witnesses:

FRANK L. DYER, 310111). N. Dyna.

